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In the United States, one
in six men can expect to
be diagnosed with prostate
cancer, while there
is a one in seven chance that
a Canadian man will be diagnosed
with prostate cancer at
some point during his lifetime.
Those elevated incidence rates
could be a byproduct of an aging
population, as age is a significant
risk factor for prostate cancer.
According to the Prostate Cancer
Foundation, one in 10,000 men
under age 40 will be diagnosed
with prostate cancer. That figure
skyrockets to one in 38 for men
between the ages of 40 to 59, and
one in 15 for men in their 60s.
Though age is perhaps the
most significant risk factor, it’s
not the only thing that increases
a man’s risk for prostate cancer.
In fact, there are a host of factors
in addition to age that increase
a man’s risk for prostate cancer,
which the Canadian Cancer
Society says will claim the lives of
more than 4,000 Canadian men
this year.
One such risk factor is where
a man lives. Men who live in
rural China, for instance, have
a relatively low risk of developing
prostate cancer during
their lifetime. That risk is only
two percent if a man stays in
rural China his entire life. But
that risk increases significantly
if a Chinese man moves to
the West, where a man in the
United States has a 17 percent
chance of developing prostate
cancer.
And not only does which
country a man lives in play a
role, but also the location of
his home within that country’s
borders can elevate the risk.
Men who live in cities north
of 40 degrees latitude (north
of Philadelphia, Pa.; Columbus,
Ohio; and Provo, Utah) have
the highest risk of dying from
prostate cancer, and researchers
feel this is because men who
live in such cities get less sunlight
during the winter months
and therefore less vitamin D.
Race is another risk factor for
prostate cancer. Asian men have
the lowest risk of developing
prostate cancer, while African-
American men are 60 percent
more likely to develop the disease
than Caucasian men.
The PCF notes that African-
American men are also 2.5
times more likely to die from
the disease, which highlights
the importance that African-
American men must place on
screenings.
Family history also plays a
role in a man’s risk for developing
prostate cancer. Men whose
fathers or brothers have had
prostate cancer are twice as likely
to develop the disease. Their
risk increases even more if their
fathers or brothers were diagnosed
with the cancer before
reaching the age of 55 or if they
had three or more family members
who were diagnosed with
prostate cancer.
Research into prostate cancer
is ongoing and continues
to unearth new information
regarding this potentially
deadly disease. The PCF notes,
for instance, that the risk factors
for aggressive version of
this type of cancer can differ
from the risk factors for slowgrowing
cancers. As a result,
risk factors that were once not
linked to prostate cancer are
now being linked to aggressive
forms of the disease. Smoking,
for example, might be a risk
factor for aggressive prostate
cancer, as is a diet void of vegetables.
Neither factor, however,
is thought to increase a man’s
risk of slow-growing prostate
cancer. Additional risk factors
for aggressive prostate cancer
include height (tall men might
have an elevated risk) and living
a sedentary lifestyle.
Many men are aware of the
importance of prostate cancer
screenings. However, few
might know that certain factors
significantly increase their
risk for being diagnosed with
this potentially deadly disease.
More information about prostate
cancer is available at www.
pcf.org.
Risk factors for prostate cancer
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